Determination of Gurami Fish Prices by Middlemen Reviewed from Law No. 5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition (Case Study in Balesono Village) Subdistrict Ngunut Regency Tulungagung

Abstract

This research is based on the main problem in gourami fish cultivation, where growth is hampered by poor water quality, where inappropriate temperature and pH can disrupt the growth and appetite of fish. In addition, there are problems in marketing the harvest, such as weak infrastructure, lack of market information for farmers, small production scale, and the dominance of middlemen who often cause price injustice, although on the other hand they also help stabilize prices and become important intermediaries for farmers. The focus of this research is (1) How is the mechanism for determining the price of gourami fish carried out by middlemen in Balesono Village, (2) How can price determination by middlemen affect the market structure. then the purpose of this research is to explain as follows: (1) To find out how is the mechanism for determining the price of gourami fish carried out by middlemen in Balesono Village. (2) To find out how can price determination by middlemen affect the market structure. This research applies a qualitative method with an empirical legal approach based on field facts, which was carried out in Balesono Village, Tulungagung, to analyze how middlemen determine the price of gourami fish. The researcher acted directly as the primary instrument, using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques to collect primary and secondary data. Data analysis was conducted through patterns and categories, and its validity was tested using triangulation. The research was conducted systematically, from problem identification to reporting. The results showed that: (1) Middlemen in Balesono Village play a dominant role in determining gourami prices, often setting prices below market value due to farmers' limited information and experience, as well as their dependence on middlemen as primary buyers. (2) The gourami market in Indonesia is relatively stable with consistent demand, although distribution is still dominated by middlemen through contract and free systems, indicating evolving market dynamics and intense competition.