Revitalizing Islamic Theology in a Modern Paradigm: An Integrative Approach between Classical Doctrine and Contemporary Challenges

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This study aims to analyze in depth the concept of revitalizing Islamic theology in a modern paradigm with an integrative approach between classical doctrine and contemporary challenges. This research uses a qualitative-philosophical method through hermeneutic, historical, and textual analysis approaches to explore the dynamics of Islamic theology in facing the crises of modernity, secularization, and spiritual disorientation. The results of the study indicate that the revitalization of Islamic theology requires a shift from apologetic theology to reflective-transformative theology that integrates revelation, reason, and social reality. This integration process gives birth to a new theological paradigm that is rational, inclusive, and contextual, without losing its transcendental dimension. An important finding shows that the concept of tawhid needs to be re-actualized as a principle of universal human ethics, while theological rationality must be directed towards creative dialogue with science and the humanities. In the Indonesian context, the revitalization of Islamic theology serves as the ideological foundation for Islam wasathiyah, which emphasizes the balance between faith, knowledge, and humanity. This study concludes that the revitalization of theology is not merely a conceptual renewal, but an effort to build a new awareness of the harmonious relationship between God, humans, and nature within the framework of modern Islamic civilization. Key words: Revitalization of Theology, Modern Paradigm, Tawhid, Islamic Philosophy, Moderate Islam